Weirs and Barrages

Weirs

Definition:“Its a low height Dam constructed across the river to increase the water level at upper stream and to control the discharge or flow of water into the ponds, irrigation land, reservoirs or to flood control, is called a weir”

Barrages

Definition:“It is a type of low-head Dam over a river which stored water behind it at upper-stream to increase water level and consists of number of gates that regulate water to supply to irrigation land, for power generation (mechanical power to electrical), to divert water, to control flood, to maintain discharge, is called barrages.”

Basic Difference between Weirs & barrage
  • Barrage is comparatively a big structure compared to weir.
  • Barrage has regulators in the form of sluice gates which control flow of water while weirs doesn’t have any gates.
  • Barrages control discharge and increase level of water by means of sluice gates (regulators) while Weirs control water flow and increase level only by its fixed super-structures (normally Concretes + Stone Masonry) upto its fixed height.
  • Barrages can produce power generation by its tidal energy while weirs normally not do that.
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weirs and Barrages: Youtube

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Irrigation Engineering and Techniques

Irrigation Engineering and Techniques

Irrigation Engineering

Definition:“To Irrigate Land by means of artificial techniques when rain precipitation doesn’t Satisfy its requirements is called Irrigation Engineering”

Techniques Used in Irrigation Engineering

The following Techniques used in Irrigation Engineering while irrigating Land:

(1) Surface Irrigation

Definition: “To provide water directly to soil surface from a channel located at the upper reach of the field, is called Flow Irrigation or Surface Irrigation”

Surface Irrigation further Divided into Seven (7) Types:

  • Free Flooding Irrigation
  • Check Flooding Irrigation
  • Check Basin Irrigation
  • Border Method of Irrigation
  • Furrow Irrigation
  • Sub-Surface Irrigation
  • Sprinkler Irrigation
(2) Lift Irrigation

Definition: “To Lift water from under-ground surface or sub-surface by any means and provide it to irrigate land is called Liff Irrigation.

Lift Irrigation is Uses Two (2) Sources to get Water from Sub-Surface:

(1) Deep Well

(2)Open Well

  • Chorus Or Mote
  • Persian Wheel (Rahat)
  • Door
  • Archimedian Screw
  • Dhenkli or Lot

Irrigation Engineering and Techniques used while irrigating Land